Nnsolar tracker with stepper motor control pdf

Designing with solar tracking motors power electronics. In this article we are going to make a sun tracking solar panel using arduino, in which we will use two ldrs light dependent resistor to sense the light and a servo motor to automatically rotate the solar panel in the direction of the sun light. Stepper motors are another alternative for powering tracking systems. The control circuit for the solar tracker is based on an atmega16 microcontroller. The application of this tracker is essential for standalone systems in remote areas. To fabricate a stepper motor control interfaced with driver circuit. Which motor is best suited for solar panel tracking system. I have used a atmega168 controller ic for programming, and two servo motor for movement of solar panel. This is programmed to detect the sunlight through the. I already can control the motion of the motor but i cant integrate the code for getting the analog value from the sensor then. A microcontroller or stepper motor controller can be used to activate the drive transistors in. However, it is tough to control ac motors at slow speeds.

As compared with conventional dc motor, it doesnt contain brushes, but the commutation is performed electrically using an electronic drive to energize the stator windings. Jan 12, 2017 in this arduino solar panel tracker, arduino is powered by the 9v battery and all the other parts are powered by the arduino. In principle, i will simulate the prototype, it is a way that i have taken to prevent the. Among the proposed solutions for improving the efficiency of pv conversion, we. Explore the biggest how to and diy community where people make and share inspiring, entertaining, and useful projects, recipes, and hacks. To present the tracker, a hybrid dualaxis solar tracking system is designed, built, and tested based on both the solar map and light sensor based continuous tracking mechanism. Solar trackers generate more electricity than their stationary counterparts due to an increased direct exposure to solar rays. My first version of a stepper controller uses a 555 timer chip and a 74ls194 shift register.

The amount of rotation was determined by the microcontroller, based on inputs retrieved from four photo sensors located next to solar panel. Fuzzy control based solar tracker using arduino uno. Achieving balance between power consumption and power. Dec 31, 2015 1 x stepper motor, 5v stepper motor wuln2003 driver, 1 x servo motor, 1 x micro controller, arduino uno, the stepper motor is used to track the vertical movement. This application note is intended as a collection of answers to commonly asked questions about stepper motors and driver design. The output driver block of each hbridge consists of. The top countries of supplier is china, from which the percentage of solar tracker stepper motor supply is 100% respectively. To design an electronic circuit to sense the intensity of light and to control stepper motor driver for the panel movement. Arduino based sun tracking solar panel project using ldr and. Solar tracker with stepper motor control using microcontroller abstract the objective of this project is to control the position of a solar panel in accordance with the motion of sun.

The top countries of supplier is china, from which the percentage of solar tracking motor supply is 100% respectively. And to track the sun, the induction motor must turn on and off in a step function. Industrial motors and motor drivesims research motors and drives, stepper, servo motors and drives, and updated automotive sales using newest ihs automotive data intelligence ihs company solar invertersihs isuppli market data. The control circuit for the power converter consists of an erasable electronic programmable read only memory eeprom and a pla chip. At maximum, the solar tracker was perpendicular to the light source by 1. Drv8711 stepper motor controller ic datasheet texas instruments. Amongst these the most popular and best method to harness solar. Automatic solar tracking using ldr and stepper motor based on. The tracker uses two nema 23 bipolar stepper motors to rotate 2 photovoltaic cells around the altitude and azimuth axes. Solar tracking system using stepper motor semantic scholar.

Microcontroller based solar tracker system using ldrs. We have three tracking algorithms to track the sun. The position is known simply by keeping track of the. Solar tracking enables more solar energy to be generated because the solar panel is able to maintain a perpendicular profile to the suns rays. Abstract as the energy demand and the environmental problems increase, the natural energy sources have become very important. In the united states, doyle says the term drives refers to electronic control, while in europe it is a more encompassing term for the motor and control combination.

A stepper motor is an electric motor that rotates in discrete step increments. A wide variety of solar tracker stepper motor options are available to you, there are 70 suppliers who sells solar tracker stepper motor on, mainly located in asia. Circuit diagram the circuit design of solar tracker is simple but setting. Modelling and control of stepper motors for high accuracy. Aug 08, 2014 a brushless dc bldc motor is a type of synchronous motor that consists of a rotor that has a surface mounted permanent magnets and stator with polyphase armature windings.

Solar tracking system use stepper motor solar panel. Generating power with a stepper motor solar heat engines. This instructable is the translation of another that was originally written inspanish, so i beg your pardon if i have many grammatical errors, if so off id love to suggest me to edit it. The built system had a calculated annual energy gain of 48. Stepper motors are inexpensive but become complicated and lose some of their economic benefits when components are added to operate in the closedloop position control schemes that characterize solar tracking.

The control circuit for the solar tracker is based on a. Simple solar tracker with stepper motor all about circuits. First of all, lets take a look at the ac asynchronous motor. Design of a solar tracker system for pv power plants 24 equipment is still one of top priorities for many academic andor industrial research groups all over the world. Stepper motor stepper motors are commonly used in precision positioning control applications. An introduction to stepper motors university of arizona. Contribute to vromanov89eeenthusiast development by creating an account on github.

The required power used to run the motor and controller is provided by stepdown transformer by using 220v ac vi. Microcontroller based solar tracker system using ldrs and stepper motor. A servo has the full motor power available to hold it in position, but that is not what you want to save power. Jul 06, 2018 by controlling servo motor with arduino uno to control the direction of solar panel and direction is sensing through ldrs.

This system collects free energy from the sun and stores it in the battery and then converts this. The main advantage of using a microcontroller is that it makes it possible for the stepper controller to keep a far accurate tracking rate, unlike my previous controller that changes tracking rate with the slightest change in ambient temperature. This instructable is the translation of another that was originally written in spanish, so i beg your pardon if i have many grammatical errors, if so off id love to suggest me to edit it. When light falls on the ldr, its resistance differs and. The first moves the pv panel in little squares in spherical coordinates, finds the point on the square with the best. Also, since a panel which is incident to the sun can gather more amount of solar energy, the solar panel is attached to a motor. The holding torque of a stepping motor is specified no current situation, but be aware it drops with aging as the magnets weaken. Advantage of this project is that solar panel will always follow the sun light will always face towards the sun to get charge all the time and can. Solar tracking system using arduino pratik pawar, ashish yadav, pritam makwana, shubham patil abstract in this paper, a solar tracking system using arduino is designed and built. Arduino based sun tracking solar panel project using ldr. The first moves the pv panel in little squares in spherical coordinates, finds the. Diy how to make single axis solar tracker using arduino. By using just a single rs232 port, is it possible to first of all obtain input from the leds and from the same rs232 port control the stepper motor movement. Free to download ebook on practical solar tracking design, following the sun solar tracking system, sun tracking system, sun tracker system, solar tracker system, sun positioning system, and sun path tracking with follow the sun position calculation.

In this tutorial you will learn how to control a stepper motor using your motor control chip stepper motors fall somewhere in between a regular dc moto. Arduino recommended input voltage is from 7 to 12 volts but you can power it within the range of 6 to 20 volts which is the limit. At the end of the project, a functional solar tracking system was designed and implemented. In applications like this, we rely on a servomotor to perform the job correctly. Pdf microcontroller based solar tracker system using. So for ac motors, its variable frequency or an inverter. Sun tracker, solar energy, photovoltaic panel, dc motors, azimuth, altitude. Eeenthusiastsolar tracker stepper at master github. Three stepper motors are used to move the solar panel according to the maximum incident light controlled by ldrs. First, and foremost, i would like to thank my senior project advisor, dr. Solar trackers generate more electricity in roughly the same amount of space needed for fixed tilt. Sun tracking solar panel using arduino nevon projects.

A servo motor which operates on the principle of a servomechanism is used in a large number of applications which are critical to position control. The power from the sun intercepted by the earth is approximately 1. Based on the background information of the various types of solar trackers, it has been decided that active tracking with a dualaxis setup will be used. It contains a 32 bit microcontroller with control logic for stepper motors and two integrated hbridges capable of driving up to 6 a peak, the. Open source sun tracking system with solar panel monitoring and heliostat control system, pp. Solar tracking system use stepper motor, solar panel tracking system using microcontroller project. Motor calculation as below efficiency output power of worm gear input power of. Jun 06, 20 the motor torque and the holding torque braking are separate issues. In above circuit diagram, two light dependent resistors are used to measure intensity of light. Introduction solar energy is becoming increasingly lucrative with the increasing cost and continuous depletion of the nonrenewable energy resources and the growing demand of other renewable energy sources 1 such as solar wind, geothermal and ocean tidal wave 2.

Jan 28, 2011 if you want to generate electrical power from about a tenth of a watt up to several watts, a stepper motor might be worth considering. Introduction solar energy is a very large, inexhaustible source of energy. In modern solar tracking systems, the solar panels are fixed on a structure that moves according to the position of the sun. Motor is use to drive the solar tracker to the best angle of exposure of light with the help of wheel arrangement. The circuit for the light detection remains the same as the original solar tracker while the servo is now replaced by a 12v dc linear actuator which is supplied by a 12v battery or power supply and controlled by two relays. I am doing something very similar and was wondering whether it is possible to replace the servo motors with the stepper motors. Drv8834 dualbridge stepper or dc motor driver datasheet rev.

This is programmed to detect the sunlight through the ldrs and then actuate the stepper motor to position the solar panel where it can receive maximum sunlight. Stepper motor control shield infineon technologies. Sun tracking solar panel using arduino project is based on arduino controller board which controls the various activities of the project. To construct a model prototype solar cell movement system with a mechanical assemble to move the panel from 180. The automatic sun tracker was implemented with a dc motor and a dc motor controller. Motor control for solar tracker ni community national. The first is to use light sensors typically four of them to find the sun by looking for the brightest source of light and using two stepper motors to drive a twoaxis system to.

Usually the servo has a yellow wire that is used to control the rotation and it must be connected on pin 9 on the board. Design of a solar tracker system for pv power plants. Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. Solar trackers single axis and solar trackers dual axis for solar tracking or actually sun tracking that you get 62% more energy from the pv solar panels. A wide variety of solar tracking motor options are available to you, there are 551 suppliers who sells solar tracking motor on, mainly located in asia. I am using a 28byj48 stepper motor in order to control the position and. Solar tracking system using stepper motor research india. And i was finished my solar tracker but without any codes please help me 2 x 28 byj48 steper motor and uln2003a step motor driver board 4 x ldr light sensor card these are my pin numbers 4 x ldr up left a0 up right a1 bottom left a2 bottom right a3 2 x stepper motor for vertical move. Energy efficient hybrid dual axis solar tracking system. Emerging trends with higher level integral bldc motor embedded intelligence, a brushless motor can serve as master control to host and run programs in the event of network interruptions, such as returning the tracker to a safe position in a network outage. Solar tracker with stepper motor control using microcontroller. Five characteristics of the stepper motor have been considered while choosing stepper motor for the solar tracker prototype. Uln2003 is used because microcontroller pins can not provide current more than 30ma.

Thus, it is the purpose of the mppt system to sample the output of the cells and to apply the. Oct 24, 2015 im successfully complete my sun tracking solar panel project. Conclusion from the design of experimental set up with micro controller based solar tracking system using dc gear motor, if we compare tracking by the use of solar cell with fixed solar panel system we found that the efficiency of. Controller motor driver and relay dc motor and pv panel pv panel location feedback figure 1. Stepper motors air gap is a fraction of the size of other motor types and can lead to the rotor binding against the stator when there. We can harness solar energy by either converting it into electricity using solar cell or using solar thermal energy by means of solar cooker, solar water heater or by using it to heat or cool a room using solar passive systems. Solar tracker with stepper motor control adarsh adeppa 1 department of mechanical engineering, bkit, bhalki, india abstract the purpose of this project is to design and construct a solar tracker system that follows the sun direction for producing maximum out for solar powered applications. A stepper motor, also known as step motor or stepping motor, is a brushless dc electric motor. I will be using a stepper motor either from scrapped printers or if i am unable to find one, purchase one from the electronics stores, so what do i need for the setup. The control circuit is fed from two separate sensing cells which determine the movement to the next angular position. The proposed design consists of a system with biaxial rotation with a cylindrical base, which allows to track the sun in an efficient, in addition to being compact as possible to avoid a large space area. Open source sun tracking system with solar panel monitoring. We cannot use a dc motor to control a tail of aircraft because controlling a dc motor for accurate positioning is not only difficult but almost impossible. Stepper motor is brushless, load independent, has open loop positioning capability.

Apr 03, 20 each motor can then close current, position and velocity loops on its own. I am using a 28byj48 stepper motor in order to control the position and light resistors to capture the light. An investigation into dualaxis solar tracking201220 page 3 acknowledgments this project required a large time commitment, not only on my part, but of a few others. It is a solar tracker, but not before mentioning my inspiration were devices bygeo bruce and aplavins, except in my case use stepper motors, which can reduce. The demonstration of such a prototype is shown in this video. Compared with any other type of motor, the stepper motor is more controllable, more energy efficient. We got the following code so far but are stuck with getting the steppers to stop at a certain angle 90 for vertical and 180 for horizontal so that we dont tangle up the wires and avoid.

Solar tracker, ldrs, stepper motor, at89s52, solar panel. Servo motor applications robotics, solar tracking systems. Code schematic diagram of the circuit why tracking. In this project, we are building a solar tracker used for solar panels. This mode of use did not allow the most efficient continuous tracking and collection of solar energy. Pdf solar tracking, sun tracking, sun tracker, solar.

Use of a reluctance stepper motor for solar tracking based on. Solar tracker is used to increase the solar energy output. Let us design a solar tracker using two servo motors, a light sensor consisting of four ldrs and arduino uno board. Fabrication of dualaxis solar tracking controller project. This project is designed with solar panels, ldr, adc, microcontroller, stepper motor and its driving circuit. Application note an2660189 bipolar stepper motor control by pierre payet burin this applicationnote is intendedto providedesign details for the implementation of a stepper motor. Diy stepper controller using arduino night sky in focus. The power consumption by the stepper motors in both the solar tracking system is not same. Compared to a single axis tracker, the dualaxis tracker had an annual energy gain of 36. The main component of this tracker is at89s52 micro controller which is programmed to detect the sunlight with the help of ldrs and then actuate the stepper motor to position the solar panel in.

The solar panel tracker is designed to follow the sun movement so that maximum light intensity hits on the solar panel, thus increasing the power efficiency. Im going to go into detail here on a specific stepper motor that can generate up to a little over. Sun tracking solar panel using arduino uno and servo motor. Conclusion from the design of experimental set up with micro controller based solar tracking system using dc gear. Single axis solar tracking system using microcontroller. Speed control of brushless dc motor and its working principle. However the feature of each type of motor is different. To use this kind of motor, we need an encoder to locate the position of the tracker.

Driving bipolar stepper motors using a mediumdensity. Designing a solar tracking system with 4 ldr, 1 stepper motor. Arduino can be used to make the prototype of solar tracker. I would like to take this opportunity to thank them. Stepper motor helps in tracking the axis of the sun and keeps the panel in direction of the sun all day long and a buck dcdc converter has been used for maximum power point tracking.

We all know sun is the best source of energy source and has been shining since the universe was created. The l297 stepper motor controller ic generates four phase drive signals for two phase bipolar and four phase unipolar step motors in microcomputer. Abstractthis paper presents the fuzzy logic control based solar tracking system using arduino uno. Alternately, you can also drive the tracker with a stepper motor which is also controlled by the arduino. Microprocessor based solar tracking system using stepper motor jyotirmay gadewadikar b.